Dr Andrew Bamji, “The Myth of ‘Settled Science,’” demolishes the idea of settled science and the great consensus. The idea of a paradigm of science, that is a consensus framework that all scientists not beyond the pale work within, was popularised by the philosopher and historian of science, Thomas Kuhn, in The Structure of Scientific Revolutions (1962). Thus, every physicist followed Newton until, supposedly Einstein refuted him and became the new boss man. Or, so the story goes, but even here there are complexities: See S. Hossenfelder, Lost in Math (2018).
But, while that may be true to some degree for theoretical physics, outside of that cosy domain, things are more complicated, especially in fields like medicine.
