Items on Nordic Prehistory By Brian Simpson
It is only worth fighting to preserve something, if that thing is worth preserving in the first place. Thus, I have sought to present evidence, from mainstream sources, of the prehistorical achievements, and indeed existence of Nordic/Northern European peoples.
In 2019, it was reported, that the coffin of Tutankhamun’s grandmother was opened, to reveal that she had blonde hair! Nordics in ancient Egypt! I have written about this before.
https://www.dailystar.co.uk/news/world-news/tutankhamun-great-grandmother-coffin-ancient-17215576
“Egyptian noblewoman Tjuyu – who is believed to have died in 1375 BC – is most widely known as being the great-grandmother of legendary pharaoh Tutankhamun.
Her tomb was found in 1905 – 18 years before Tut’s – but it has rarely been opened.
In Channel 5 documentary The Nile: Egypt’s Great River, historian Bettany Hughes was given the chance to witness such an occasion at the Egyptian Museum in Cairo.
Footage from tonight’s episode shows experts lifting the lid off Tjuyu’s tomb to reveal her incredibly-well preserved body.
“She’s so tiny and so perfect,” Bettany exclaims.
The presenter then notices something strange, the “strawberry-blonde” hair of the mummified body.
Ancient Egyptians have historically been portrayed as having brown hair.
But Egyptologist Salima Ikram explained it may not all be as it seems.
“We’re not 100% sure [if that is her original hair],” she said.
“But when you use natrons for mummification, it acts like a bleach.”
This substance could mean her true hair colour was lightened to give it a blonde-look.”
I have not found anything on genetic testing of this, so we can suppose that the hair colour was blonde, but the establishment finds that inconvenient.
On the subject of Nordics and ancient Egypt, beads found in 3,400 year old Nordic graves were made by King Tut’s glassmaker, showing that even then, people got around, and the cultural diffusionists are right. How about Haaretz as a source?
https://www.haaretz.com/archaeology/kig-tut-beads-found-in-3-400y-old-danish-graves-1.5414758
Wait, here is the title from the article, cut and pasted: “Beads Found in 3,400-year-old Nordic Graves Were Made by King Tut's Glassmaker.”
“Cobalt glass beads found in Scandinavian Bronze Age tombs reveal trade connections between Egyptians and Mesopotamia 3,400 years ago — and similar religious rituals.
Stunning glass beads found in Danish Bronze Age burials dating to 3400 years ago turn out to have come from ancient Egypt – in fact, from the workshop that made the blue beads buried with the famous boy-king Tutankhamun. The discovery proves that there were established trade routes between the far north and Levant as early as the 13th century BCE.
Twenty-three of the glass beads found in Danish Bronze Age burials by the team of Danish and French archaeologists were blue, a rare color in ancient times.”
Here is one for all our Canadian readers: ancient ruins older that the pyramids discovered in Canada. That sounded like false news, but here is your mainstream media source:
“Expedition unearths evidence of 14,000-year-old settlement.
An ancient village that is older than the Egyptian pyramids has been discovered in a remote part of Canada
After excavating a settlement on Triquet Island on British Columbia's Central Coast archaeologists dated it to 14,000 years ago, during the last ice age when glaciers covered much of North America.
It was discovered by team searching for evidence that supported the oral histories of the indigenous Heiltsuk people, which told of a sliver of land during the last ice age that never froze.
Legend has it that the Heiltsuk took refuge there during the big freeze.
Alisha Gauvreau, a PhD student at the University of Victoria, worked with members of the Heiltsuk Nation to excavate the site.
Under several metres of earth they discovered a layer of ancient soil that appeared to contain a prehistoric hearth.
Using tweezers they were able to remove flakes of charcoal from it, which were then sent for carbon dating. This established that some of them were 14,000 years old.
"We just sat back and said, 'Holy moly, this is old," Ms Gauvreau told Canadian broadcaster, CTV.”
So much for the Middle East as being the cradle of civilisation; much was happening in Europe too, such as the ancient Irissh recording an eclipse 5,355 years ago:
https://www.irishcentral.com/roots/history/first-solar-eclipse-in-the-world
“It's hard to tell when the first solar eclipse in the world took place but the ancient Irish certainly helped, being among the first to document when it happened.
The Irish have a long and distinguished history with eclipses. Images of the first recorded eclipse were carved into stone cairns at Loughcrew in Meath over 5,000 years ago, but one of the first eclipses, of the common era, was also recorded in Ireland, by an Irish monk on June 29, 512, in the Chronicle of Ireland.
Eclipses were first recorded by the Irish
Our ancient Irish ancestors carved images of an ancient eclipse into giant stones over 5,000 years ago, on November 30, 3340BC to be exact. This is the oldest known recorded solar eclipse in history.
The illustrations are found in the Stone Age “Cairn L,” on Carbane West, at Loughcrew, outside Oldcastle, in County Meath. The landscape of rolling hills is littered with Neolithic monuments. Some say that originally there were at least 40 to 50 monuments, but others say the figure was more like 100.
“Cairn L” received a mention in Astronomy Ireland’s article: “Irish Recorded Oldest Known Eclipse 5,355 Years Ago.” They noted that the Irish Neolithic astronomer priests recorded the events on three stones relating to the eclipse, as seen from that location.
During their research at Loughcrew, Martin Brennan and Jack Roberts discovered that the sun illuminates this chamber on the mornings of Samhain and Imbolc, the ancient Celtic festivals. These important dates lie during the first week of November and the first week of February, the ancient cross-quarter days. Though this may not be the original alignment we are still left with a spectacular display.
The 3340BC eclipse is the only eclipse that fits out of the 92 solar eclipses in history tracked by Irish archaeo-astronomer expert, Paul Griffin. With none of the technology available to our modern experts, the ancient Irish constructed these complex structures, that not only have endured for more than 5,000 years but were built with such accuracy that they continue to perform their astronomical functions today.”
Europeans have existed for much longer than establishment archaeology has thought:
http://www.amerika.org/politics/europeans-have-existed-for-longer-than-previously-thought/
“Until recently, H. sapiens was thought to have evolved approximately 200,000 years ago in East Africa. This estimate was shaped by the discovery in 1967 of the oldest remains attributed to H. sapiens, at a site in Ethiopia’s Omo Valley. The remains, made up of two skulls (Omo 1 and Omo 2), had initially been dated to 130,000 years ago, but through the application of more-sophisticated dating techniques in 2005, the remains were more accurately dated to 195,000 years ago.
In June 2017, however, all of this changed. A multiyear excavation led by Jean-Jacques Hublin of the Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology in Leipzig, Germany, revealed that H. sapiens was present at Jebel Irhoud, Morocco, more than 5,000 km (3,100 miles) away from East Africa (the region many paleontologists call the cradle of humankind). The team unearthed a collection of specimens that was made up of skull fragments and a complete jawbone (both of which were strikingly similar to those of modern human beings) as well as stone tools all of which dated to about 315,000 years ago, more than 100,000 years earlier than the remains found at Omo. Although this discovery has not yet convinced all paleontologists, it suggests that the species could have been widely dispersed throughout North Africa much earlier than they expected and that East Africa might not have been the only cradle.”
“The idea of one big human species where everyone is basically the same pleases nearly everyone in an egalitarian time; the notion of complex, nuanced, intricate, and ambiguous links makes people feel stupid and confused, so no one will win a book contract or laboratory funding that way.
As a result, the old Out of Africa theory has great legs because it makes careers. It is politically advantageous to talk about how we all came from one point in Africa and this migration was relatively recent; it is political suicide to say that humanity arose in multiple places, far longer ago, and so our narrative is nonsense. The only way these studies have taken root at all is by extremely cautious wording and the fact that most people have no idea of their significance.”
“A newly discovered hearth full of ash and charred bone in a cave in modern-day Israel hints that early humans sat around fires as early as 300,000 years ago” before Homo sapiens arose in Africa.
…What’s more, its position implies some planning went into deciding where to put the fire pit, suggesting whoever built it must have had a certain level of intelligence.
…It’s not entirely clear who was cooking at Qesem Cave. A study published about three years ago in the American Journal of Physical Anthropology described teeth found in the cave dating to between 400,000 and 200,000 years ago. The authors speculated the teeth might have belonged to modern humans (Homo sapiens), Neanderthals or perhaps a different species, though they noted they couldn’t draw a solid conclusion from their evidence.”
https://www.nature.com/articles/nature14317
“We generated genome-wide data from 69 Europeans who lived between 8,000–3,000 years ago by enriching ancient DNA libraries for a target set of almost 400,000 polymorphisms. Enrichment of these positions decreases the sequencing required for genome-wide ancient DNA analysis by a median of around 250-fold, allowing us to study an order of magnitude more individuals than previous studies to obtain new insights about the past. We show that the populations of Western and Far Eastern Europe followed opposite trajectories between 8,000–5,000 years ago. At the beginning of the Neolithic period in Europe, ∼8,000–7,000 years ago, closely related groups of early farmers appeared in Germany, Hungary and Spain, different from indigenous hunter-gatherers, whereas Russia was inhabited by a distinctive population of hunter-gatherers with high affinity to a ∼24,000-year-old Siberian. By ∼6,000–5,000 years ago, farmers throughout much of Europe had more hunter-gatherer ancestry than their predecessors, but in Russia, the Yamnaya steppe herders of this time were descended not only from the preceding eastern European hunter-gatherers, but also from a population of Near Eastern ancestry. Western and Eastern Europe came into contact ∼4,500 years ago, as the Late Neolithic Corded Ware people from Germany traced ∼75% of their ancestry to the Yamnaya, documenting a massive migration into the heartland of Europe from its eastern periphery. This steppe ancestry persisted in all sampled central Europeans until at least ∼3,000 years ago, and is ubiquitous in present-day Europeans. These results provide support for a steppe origin of at least some of the Indo-European languages of Europe.”
https://sciencenordic.com/ancient-dna-denmark-dna/scandinavians-are-the-earliest-europeans/1410116
“An international team of scientists have sequenced the genome of a 37,000-year-old male skeleton found in Kostenki in Russia.
The study, which was recently published in Science, sheds entirely new light on who we are as Europeans.
"From a genetic point of view he's an European," says Professor Eske Willerslev, Director of the Centre for GeoGenetics at the University of Copenhagen, who was involved in the new study, and adds:
“Actually, he is closer to Danes, Swedes, Finns and Russians than to Frenchmen, Spaniards and Germans”.
Split happened within a 8.000 year gap.
The Kostenki fossils were excavated in 1954. The photo shows the leader of the expedition, A.N. Rogachev (left) and M.M. Gerasimov.
The new results reveal that the man is the oldest that we know of so far to genetically represent a separate line from the forebears of present-day Asians. This is decisive when it comes to dating one of the most important events in history.
"We can now date the separation time between Asians and Europeans," says Professor Rasmus Nielsen from the University of Copenhagen and the University of California, Berkeley, who was also involved in the study.
He points out that the Kostenki genome sets a line 37,000 years ago. Here the lines must have split, while the 45,000-year-old genome from the recently discovered Ust' Ishim in Siberia sets the limit in the other direction.
This gives the answer to one of the biggest questions in the history of mankind; scientists now know that it is within the 8000 year gap that Europeans and Asians went their separate ways.
Meta-population: sex across populations.
Previously the impression was that our forebears lived in separate populations and had children within the group, instead, Willerslev now paints a very different picture consisting of one large meta-population.
A meta-population consists of several populations which mate with each other.
The meta-population is connected through the neighbour's neighbours, consisting of people who generally resemble each other a lot, but who also have their own unique traits.
"It was a huge, complex network, and not separate branches that lived in isolation,” says Willerslev.
He believes the Europeans must have been one enormous meta-population stretching across Europe, the Middle East and Central Asia.
It is possible to follow the genetic trail; all the way from the Kostenki genome, to hunter-gatherers in Siberia 25,000 years ago and farmers 7-8000 years ago in Spain, Luxembourg and Sweden, up to present-day Europeans.
Mixed opinions
A study published in September, led by two professors, Johannes Krause from Eberhard Karl's Universität Tübingen in Germany and David Reich from Harvard University in the US, concluded that present-day Europeans descends from at least three separate groups.
David Reich acknowledges the importance of the new study, but is not convinced that it changes history very much.
"It's wonderful to have the Kostenki genome and it’s also important and interesting to find a degree of continuity from the population represented by Kostenki to present-day Europeans," says Reich and adds:
"On the basis of a statistical test or two, it's a pretty far-reaching conclusion as to how our history proceeded. However, It’s exciting - if it's true”.
https://science.sciencemag.org/content/346/6213/1113.abstract
“The origin of contemporary Europeans remains contentious. We obtained a genome sequence from Kostenki 14 in European Russia dating from 38,700 to 36,200 years ago, one of the oldest fossils of anatomically modern humans from Europe. We find that Kostenki 14 shares a close ancestry with the 24,000-year-old Mal’ta boy from central Siberia, European Mesolithic hunter-gatherers, some contemporary western Siberians, and many Europeans, but not eastern Asians. Additionally, the Kostenki 14 genome shows evidence of shared ancestry with a population basal to all Eurasians that also relates to later European Neolithic farmers. We find that Kostenki 14 contains more Neandertal DNA that is contained in longer tracts than present Europeans. Our findings reveal the timing of divergence of western Eurasians and East Asians to be more than 36,200 years ago and that European genomic structure today dates back to the Upper Paleolithic and derives from a metapopulation that at times stretched from Europe to central Asia.”
Scandinavians thus turn out to be the earliest Europeans!
Evidence, even from mainstream sources, once interpreted, is showing that Europeans are indeed an ancient people, and were not the savages drinking blood out of skulls, that they were once portrayed as. There is a Nordic/Northern European heritage, well worth preserving and fighting for, of much more value than transient things like the economy and consumerism. We have a racial identity, equal to any other.
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